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Official Description

Ethosuximide

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 80168 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed to measure the levels of ethosuximide in the blood. Ethosuximide, commonly known by its brand name Zarontin, is classified as an anticonvulsant medication primarily used in the management of seizures, particularly absence seizures. This blood test is crucial for monitoring the concentration of ethosuximide in patients who are undergoing treatment, as maintaining appropriate therapeutic levels is essential for the drug's efficacy and safety. The test is typically performed at the initiation of treatment, at regular intervals thereafter, and also during instances of breakthrough seizure activity, which may suggest that the blood levels of the medication have fallen below the therapeutic range. To conduct this test, a blood sample is collected through a procedure known as venipuncture, which is separately reportable. Following the collection, the serum is analyzed using an enzyme immunoassay method, a sensitive technique that allows for accurate measurement of the drug concentration in the blood.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The blood test for ethosuximide levels is indicated for several specific clinical scenarios, including:

  • Monitoring Treatment Efficacy This test is performed to ensure that the ethosuximide levels remain within the therapeutic range, which is essential for effective seizure control.
  • Initial Treatment Assessment At the start of treatment, this test helps establish baseline drug levels to guide future dosing adjustments.
  • Breakthrough Seizure Activity When a patient experiences breakthrough seizures, this test is crucial to determine if the blood levels of ethosuximide are insufficient, indicating a need for dosage modification.

2. Procedure

The procedure for measuring ethosuximide levels involves several key steps, which are outlined as follows:

  • Step 1: Patient Preparation Prior to the blood draw, the patient may be instructed to avoid food or drink for a specified period, depending on the healthcare provider's recommendations. This ensures that the test results are not influenced by recent dietary intake.
  • Step 2: Venipuncture A qualified healthcare professional performs a venipuncture to obtain a blood sample. This involves using a sterile needle to access a vein, typically in the arm, and collecting the blood into a designated tube. The venipuncture procedure is performed with strict adherence to aseptic techniques to minimize the risk of infection.
  • Step 3: Serum Separation After the blood sample is collected, it is processed to separate the serum from the cellular components. This is typically done by centrifugation, which spins the blood at high speeds to facilitate the separation of serum.
  • Step 4: Enzyme Immunoassay Testing The separated serum is then subjected to an enzyme immunoassay, a laboratory technique that utilizes specific antibodies to detect and quantify the concentration of ethosuximide in the serum. This method is known for its sensitivity and specificity, providing accurate measurements of drug levels.

3. Post-Procedure

After the blood sample has been collected and tested, the patient may resume normal activities unless otherwise directed by their healthcare provider. It is important for the healthcare team to communicate the results of the ethosuximide level test to the patient, as this information will guide any necessary adjustments to their treatment regimen. If the test indicates that the drug levels are outside the therapeutic range, the physician may consider modifying the dosage or frequency of administration to ensure optimal seizure control. Additionally, patients should be monitored for any side effects or adverse reactions related to ethosuximide therapy, and follow-up testing may be scheduled as needed to continue monitoring drug levels.

Short Descr ASSAY OF ETHOSUXIMIDE
Medium Descr DRUG SCREEN QUANTITATIVE ETHOSUXIMIDE
Long Descr Ethosuximide
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 235 - Other Laboratory
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Medium description changed per AMA 2013 corrections document dated January 25, 2013.
1993-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 1993.
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Description
Code
Description
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