CPT® Code 86702

The CPT® Code 86702 refers to the laboratory test for the detection of antibodies specific to HIV-2, which is one of the two types of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV-2 is primarily found in West Africa and is less common than HIV-1, but it can still lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated. The transmission of HIV-2 occurs through similar routes as HIV-1, including sexual contact, exposure to unscreened blood, sharing of needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The immune system is significantly affected by HIV as the virus targets and destroys CD4 T cells, which are crucial for maintaining the body's immune response. The presence of antibodies to HIV-2 indicates that the body has been exposed to the virus and is mounting an immune response. The test performed under this code is qualitative, meaning it determines whether antibodies to HIV-2 are present or absent in the blood sample. This test is essential for diagnosing HIV-2 infections and guiding further clinical management. For comprehensive testing, it is important to note that CPT® Code 86701 is used for HIV-1 antibody screening, while CPT® Code 86703 is applicable for tests that screen for both HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies simultaneously.