CPT® Code 86581

A Streptococcus pneumoniae antibody (IgG), serotypes, multiplex immunoassay is a diagnostic test designed to evaluate the immune response to various serotypes of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is known to be a significant cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. This test specifically measures the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the blood serum that are directed against multiple serotypes of the pathogen. The multiplex nature of the immunoassay allows for the simultaneous analysis of several serotypes, providing a comprehensive overview of the patient's immune response. The test is particularly useful in monitoring the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination, as it helps determine whether the vaccine has successfully stimulated the production of antibodies. Additionally, it can be employed to assess humoral immunodeficiency, a condition where the body’s ability to produce antibodies is compromised. The procedure involves collecting a blood serum sample, which is then subjected to a microsphere photometry test or bead-based multiplex immunoassay. In this process, the pneumococcal target antigens are attached to magnetic beads that capture the specific antibodies present in the serum. Following this, an anti-human IgG antibody is introduced to identify and quantify the bound antibodies and antigens, thereby allowing for the assessment of the patient's immune response to the pathogen. The results of this test are quantitatively expressed, with values greater than 270 mcg/mL indicating a robust vaccine response, while values below 9.7 mcg/mL suggest inadequate antibody production.