Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Borrelia burgdorferi, direct probe technique

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 87475 refers to a laboratory test designed for the detection of the infectious agent Borrelia burgdorferi through nucleic acid analysis, specifically targeting DNA or RNA. Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterium that is primarily transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected black-legged tick, and it is widely recognized as the causative agent of Lyme disease. This test is particularly valuable in clinical scenarios where Lyme disease is highly suspected, yet serological tests yield negative results. The nucleic acid detection method employed in this procedure utilizes a direct probe technique, which focuses on identifying a unique nucleic acid sequence known as the target sequence of the B. burgdorferi organism. This identification process can occur in various biological samples, including blood, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or synovial fluid. The direct probe used in this test is labeled with either fluorescent or chemiluminescent markers, enhancing the visibility of the target sequence. To facilitate the detection of the nucleic acids, the sample undergoes treatment that releases nucleic acids from the target organism, if present. The labeled probe then specifically binds to the matching target sequence, forming a stable hybrid that can be detected. Notably, ribosomal RNA is often the focus of this detection method, as it exists in numerous copies within most microorganisms, in contrast to the limited copies found in genomic DNA. For enhanced sensitivity, an amplified probe technique, referenced by CPT® Code 87476, can be utilized, which involves exponentially multiplying the target sequence of B. burgdorferi DNA or RNA into millions of copies. The most prevalent amplification methods include polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which allow for the identification of the replicated sequences using labeled DNA probes.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The CPT® Code 87475 is indicated for use in specific clinical scenarios where the detection of Borrelia burgdorferi is necessary. The following conditions warrant the performance of this laboratory test:

  • Suspected Lyme Disease: The test is performed when Lyme disease is highly suspected based on clinical symptoms, despite negative results from serological tests.
  • Tick Exposure: Individuals who have been bitten by an infected black-legged tick and exhibit symptoms consistent with Lyme disease may require this test for confirmation.
  • Neurological Symptoms: Patients presenting with neurological symptoms that may be associated with Lyme disease, such as meningitis or encephalitis, may be tested to identify the presence of B. burgdorferi.
  • Joint Symptoms: The test may also be indicated for patients experiencing joint pain or swelling, particularly when Lyme arthritis is suspected.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 87475 involves several critical steps to ensure accurate detection of Borrelia burgdorferi. The following outlines the procedural steps:

  • Sample Collection: A biological sample is collected from the patient, which may include blood, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or synovial fluid. The choice of sample depends on the clinical context and the suspected site of infection.
  • Sample Preparation: The collected sample undergoes treatment to release nucleic acids from the target organism, B. burgdorferi, if present. This step is crucial for ensuring that the nucleic acids are accessible for detection.
  • Probe Hybridization: A labeled probe, which is specific to the target nucleic acid sequence of B. burgdorferi, is introduced to the prepared sample. The probe is designed to bind only to the matching target sequence, forming a stable hybrid if the target is present.
  • Detection: The hybridization of the probe to the target sequence is detected using fluorescent or chemiluminescent methods. This detection allows for the identification of the presence of B. burgdorferi in the sample.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the procedure associated with CPT® Code 87475, the laboratory will analyze the results and report the findings. It is essential for healthcare providers to interpret the results in conjunction with clinical symptoms and other diagnostic information. If B. burgdorferi is detected, appropriate treatment options for Lyme disease may be considered. Additionally, healthcare providers should monitor the patient for any potential complications or further symptoms that may arise following the initial diagnosis. Follow-up testing may be necessary to assess treatment efficacy or to monitor for any recurrence of symptoms.

Short Descr LYME DIS DNA DIR PROBE
Medium Descr IADNA BORRELIA BURGDORFERI DIRECT PROBE TQ
Long Descr Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Borrelia burgdorferi, direct probe technique
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 206 - Microscopic examination (bacterial smear, culture, toxicology)
Date
Action
Notes
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
1998-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 1998.
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"