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Official Description

Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); gastrointestinal pathogen (eg, Clostridium difficile, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, norovirus, Giardia), includes multiplex reverse transcription, when performed, and multiplex amplified probe technique, multiple types or subtypes, 3-5 targets

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 87505 pertains to the detection of infectious agents through nucleic acid analysis, specifically targeting gastrointestinal pathogens. These pathogens are known to cause diarrheal diseases, which significantly contribute to malnutrition in children under five years of age and rank as the second leading cause of mortality globally. The procedure involves the simultaneous qualitative detection of various pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and parasites from fecal specimens collected from patients exhibiting signs and symptoms indicative of infectious colitis or gastroenteritis. During the testing process, the fecal sample is introduced into a culture medium where the nucleic acids, both DNA and RNA, of the pathogens are amplified using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription. Advanced technologies, such as the Luminex xTAG system, are employed to analyze the sample, determining the presence or absence of each targeted pathogen. The pathogens identified through this code include various types and subtypes of Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, norovirus, Rotavirus, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium. The use of CPT® Code 87505 is specifically designated for panels that detect 3 to 5 pathogenic targets, while related codes 87506 and 87507 are utilized for panels with 6-11 and 12-25 pathogenic targets, respectively.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The CPT® Code 87505 is indicated for the detection of gastrointestinal pathogens in patients who present with symptoms of infectious colitis or gastroenteritis. The following conditions and symptoms warrant the use of this procedure:

  • Diarrheal Disease - Patients exhibiting acute or chronic diarrhea that may be caused by infectious agents.
  • Signs of Infectious Colitis - Symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and bloody stools that suggest inflammation of the colon due to infection.
  • Gastroenteritis Symptoms - Patients showing signs of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, indicating inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
  • Malnutrition in Children - Particularly in children under five years of age, where diarrheal diseases are a leading cause of malnutrition.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 87505 involves several critical steps to ensure accurate detection of gastrointestinal pathogens. The following procedural steps are outlined:

  • Sample Collection - A fecal specimen is collected from the patient, ensuring that it is representative of the current gastrointestinal condition. Proper collection techniques are essential to avoid contamination.
  • Sample Preparation - The collected fecal sample is placed into a suitable culture medium that supports the growth and detection of the targeted pathogens. This step is crucial for the subsequent amplification of nucleic acids.
  • Nucleic Acid Amplification - The nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) from the pathogens present in the fecal sample are amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription methods. This amplification is necessary to increase the quantity of nucleic acids to detectable levels.
  • Pathogen Detection - Advanced technologies, such as the Luminex xTAG system, are utilized to analyze the amplified nucleic acids. This technology allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens, determining the presence or absence of each target in the sample.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the procedure associated with CPT® Code 87505, the following post-procedure considerations are important:

Results from the pathogen detection analysis are typically available within a specified timeframe, allowing for timely diagnosis and treatment decisions. Healthcare providers should review the results with the patient, discussing any identified pathogens and the appropriate management strategies. Additionally, it is essential to monitor the patient for any ongoing symptoms and provide supportive care as needed. Follow-up testing may be required if symptoms persist or if there is a need to confirm the resolution of the infection.

Short Descr NFCT AGENT DETECTION GI
Medium Descr NFCT AGENT DNA/RNA GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOGEN
Long Descr Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); gastrointestinal pathogen (eg, Clostridium difficile, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, norovirus, Giardia), includes multiplex reverse transcription, when performed, and multiplex amplified probe technique, multiple types or subtypes, 3-5 targets
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
PD Diagnostic or related non diagnostic item or service provided in a wholly owned or operated entity to a patient who is admitted as an inpatient within 3 days
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
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2015-01-01 Added Added
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