CPT® Code 87551

The CPT® Code 87551 refers to a laboratory test designed for the detection of the infectious agent Mycobacteria species through the use of nucleic acid analysis, specifically targeting DNA or RNA. Mycobacteria species encompass a variety of gram-positive, acid-fast bacteria, which include notable organisms such as M. bovis, M. africanum, M. kansasii, M. gordanae, M. asiaticum, M. gastri, M. malmoense, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. simiae, and M. szulgai. Infections caused by these species can manifest through a range of symptoms, primarily respiratory illnesses and skin lesions, which are often chronic and progressive in nature. The test utilizes an amplified probe technique, which significantly enhances the sensitivity of the assay by exponentially increasing the target nucleic acid sequences of Mycobacteria DNA or RNA. This is typically achieved through methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The process involves treating the sample to release nucleic acids from the target organism, followed by the application of a labeled probe that specifically binds to the target sequence, forming a stable hybrid. This advanced detection method allows for precise identification of Mycobacteria species, facilitating timely diagnosis and management of infections.