CPT® Code 82139

The CPT® Code 82139 refers to the quantitative measurement of six or more amino acids in a specimen, which can be derived from blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the fundamental building blocks of proteins, consisting of an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a unique side chain that distinguishes each amino acid from one another. These molecules play a vital role in various metabolic processes and are essential for sustaining life. The analysis of amino acid levels is crucial in diagnosing and managing several medical conditions, particularly those related to metabolic disorders. Symptoms that may prompt the need for amino acid testing include failure to thrive, persistent vomiting, neurological deterioration, hyperammonemia, extreme lethargy, and metabolic acidosis. Conditions such as acute life-threatening episodes and inborn errors of metabolism are significant indicators for conducting an amino acid analysis. The testing process typically involves ion exchange chromatography, which allows for the precise quantification of each amino acid present in the specimen. The specific amino acids analyzed can vary based on the clinical context; for instance, a cystinuria panel specifically evaluates four amino acids: arginine, cystine, lysine, and ornithine. It is important to note that CPT® Code 82139 is applicable for the quantitative analysis of six or more amino acids, while CPT® Code 82136 is designated for the analysis of two to five amino acids. Each code is reported for every separate specimen that is tested.