CPT® Code 82978

The CPT® Code 82978 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed to measure the levels of glutathione in the body. Glutathione is a crucial antioxidant that plays a significant role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and maintaining overall cellular health. It is synthesized by the body from three amino acids: cysteine, glutamine, and glycine. The synthesis of glutathione requires the enzyme glutamine synthase, which facilitates the conversion of these amino acids into glutathione. Variations in glutathione levels can occur due to genetic mutations, particularly in genes such as GSTM1 and GSTP1, which may impact the body's ability to produce this important antioxidant. Testing for glutathione is particularly relevant in patients suffering from chronic diseases, immune system dysfunctions, myopathies, or neurological disorders, as it may provide insights into genetically inherited causes of these conditions. The test is performed by obtaining a blood sample through a procedure known as venipuncture, which is separately reportable. The analysis of the blood sample is conducted using a quantitative kinetic method, allowing for precise measurement of glutathione levels in the whole blood sample.